Peephole Transformations

The name peephole optimizer comes from the image of sliding a small window over the target code attempting to replace patterns of instructions by better ones. If we have a look at the code generated in the previous phase for the input a = 5-b*2 we see that produces:

    $N1 = b * 2
    $N2 = 5 - $N1
    a = $N2

PIR allows memory instructions involving three arguments like a = b + c. This fact and the observation that $N2 is used only once lead us to conclude that the former translation can be changed to:

    $N1 = b * 2
    a = 5 - $N1

Perl regular expressions constitute a formidable tool to implement peephole optimization. The regexp below finds patterns

    $N# = something
    IDENT = $N#

and substitutes them by IDENT = something:

sub peephole_optimization {
  $_[0] =~ s{
             (\$N\d+)\s*=\s*(.*\n)\s*  # $N#num     = ... something ...
             ([a-zA-Z_]\w*)\s*=\s*\1   # IDENTIFIER = $N#num
            } 
            {$3 = $2}gx;               # IDENTIFIER = ... something ...
}